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Updated: Aug 22, 2025
08:48
Bio-energetics Investigation of Candida albicans Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis
Published on: March 19, 2019
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Menthol Inhibits Candida albicans Growth by Affecting the Membrane Integrity Followed by Apoptosis
Gajanan Zore1, Archana Thakre1, Mazen Abdulghani1,2
1School of Life Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded 431606, MS, India.
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : Ecam
|November 7, 2022
Summary
Menthol demonstrates potent antifungal activity against Candida albicans, inhibiting planktonic and biofilm growth. It shows excellent synergy with fluconazole, offering a promising option for antifungal chemotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Pharmacology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Rising drug resistance in Candida albicans necessitates novel antifungal agents.
- Menthol is being explored for its potential therapeutic properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the antifungal activity of menthol against Candida albicans.
- To assess the synergistic effect of menthol with fluconazole.
- To investigate menthol's mechanism of action against Candida albicans.
Main Methods:
- Assessing menthol's inhibition of planktonic and hyphal growth.
- Evaluating menthol's effect on biofilm formation.
- Determining the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) index for menthol-fluconazole synergy.
- Analyzing menthol's impact on cellular processes like OxPhos, cell cycle, and apoptosis.
Main Results:
- Menthol exhibited fungicidal activity against planktonic Candida albicans and inhibited hyphal growth.
- Menthol significantly inhibited biofilm development and demonstrated strong synergy with fluconazole.
- Menthol induced oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest at G2-M phase, and apoptosis in Candida albicans cells.
Conclusions:
- Menthol possesses significant antifungal potential against various forms of Candida albicans.
- Menthol's combination with fluconazole shows excellent synergistic activity.
- Menthol's mechanism involves membrane disruption, oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, supporting its use in antifungal therapy.
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