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Sleep and disparities in child and adolescent development
Mona El-Sheikh1, Brian T Gillis1, Ekjyot K Saini2
1Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA.
Child Development Perspectives
|November 7, 2022
Summary
Poor sleep may worsen developmental disparities in children and adolescents from minority or low socioeconomic backgrounds. Better sleep, however, can act as a protective factor against these negative outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Child development
- Sleep science
- Health disparities
Background:
- Sleep significantly impacts child and adolescent development.
- Race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and discrimination are linked to sleep patterns.
- The role of sleep in developmental disparities is under-explored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine poor sleep as a mechanism for developmental disparities.
- To explore better sleep as a protective factor against disparities.
- To recommend future research on sleep's role in socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and theoretical synthesis.
- Analysis of existing research on sleep, race/ethnicity, SES, and developmental outcomes.
- Discussion of sleep as a bioregulatory system.
Main Results:
- Poor sleep may contribute to psychosocial and cognitive disparities in youth.
- Adequate sleep may mitigate the negative effects of socioeconomic adversity and discrimination.
- Sleep is a critical factor in understanding and addressing developmental inequalities.
Conclusions:
- Sleep is a key pathway influencing the development of racial/ethnic and SES disparities.
- Interventions promoting better sleep could reduce these disparities.
- Further research is needed to understand sleep's protective role in development.
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