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Updated: Aug 22, 2025

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets
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Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

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Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1-Positive Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Predicts MACE and the

Richard G Jung1,2,3, Anne-Claire Duchez4, Trevor Simard1,2,3,5

  • 1CAPITAL Research Group, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

JACC. Basic to Translational Science
|November 7, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Researchers identified plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-positive platelet-derived extracellular vesicles as a potential biomarker for major adverse cardiac events in high-risk patients. These vesicles may also serve as a therapeutic target to reduce neointimal formation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Extracellular Vesicles

Background:

  • Patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) face a persistent high risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE).
  • Identifying reliable biomarkers for MACE prediction and understanding underlying pathological mechanisms are crucial for risk stratification and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-positive platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PAI-1+ EVs) as a potential biomarker for MACE in high-risk patients.
  • To investigate the role of these PAI-1+ EVs in the mechanisms contributing to adverse cardiac events, specifically neointimal formation.

Main Methods:

  • The study focused on analyzing PAI-1+ EVs in patients with established CAD.
  • Methods likely involved characterizing these EVs and correlating their presence or levels with MACE occurrence and neointimal hyperplasia.

Main Results:

  • The findings suggest that PAI-1+ EVs are a potential biomarker for identifying patients at elevated risk of MACE.
  • These EVs may play a role in the development of neointimal formation, a key pathological process in cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions:

  • PAI-1+ EVs show promise as a novel biomarker for predicting MACE in high-risk cardiovascular patients.
  • Targeting these specific extracellular vesicles could represent a new therapeutic strategy to prevent or reduce neointimal hyperplasia and improve patient outcomes.

Keywords:
CAD, coronary artery diseaseCMFDA, 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetateDAPT, dual antiplatelet therapyDMSO, dimethyl sulfoxideEV, extracellular vesicleLRP1, low-density lipoprotein–related receptor-1MACE, major adverse cardiac eventsPAI, plasminogen activator inhibitorPAI-1+ PEV, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1–positive platelet-derived extracellular vesiclePCI, percutaneous coronary interventionPEV, platelet-derived extracellular vesicleT-TAS, Total Thrombus-formation Analysis SystemVSMC, vascular smooth muscle cellsbiomarkersextracellular vesiclesin-stent restenosispercutaneous coronary interventionplasminogen activator inhibitor-1stent thrombosis

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