Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

297
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
297
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

225
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
225
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

186
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
186
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

412
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
412
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

303
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
303
Prevalence and Incidence01:08

Prevalence and Incidence

723
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
723

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Drug-Resistant Tuberculous Meningitis (DR-TBM) in a Low-Incidence Setting: Two Cases and an Evidence Review Highlighting Key Advances and Knowledge Gaps in Clinical Management.

Open forum infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Seroprevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in the antenatal population in British Columbia: A cross-sectional study.

Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology·2026
Same author

Serological evaluation of coronavirus IgA and IgG antibodies in a repeated cross-sectional cohort of unvaccinated and vaccinated pregnant individuals over three months following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Microbiology spectrum·2025
Same author

Transient Bilateral Atrial Thrombi in a Patient With Multiple Sclerosis and Massive Pulmonary Embolism: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Cureus·2025
Same author

Series 1: The Use of <i>hsp</i>65- and <i>erm</i>(41)-Targeted Amplicon Sequencing in the Diagnostic Workflow for Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria.

Tropical medicine and infectious disease·2025
Same author

Series 2: Development of a Multiplex Amplicon Next Generation Sequencing Assay for Rapid Assessment of Resistance-Associated Mutations in <i>M. tuberculosis</i> Clinical Cases.

Tropical medicine and infectious disease·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 22, 2025

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

18.9K

Needle in a haystack: Looking for tuberculosis in a low-incidence setting.

Eric J Eckbo1, Mabel Rodrigues2, Trevor Hird2

  • 1Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal Officiel De L'Association Pour La Microbiologie Medicale Et L'Infectiologie Canada
|November 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Implementing nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) for all tuberculosis (TB) sputum samples, including smear-negative ones, is costly in low-incidence countries. Targeting high-yield patient groups can improve cost-effectiveness for early TB diagnosis.

Keywords:
Mycobacterium tuberculosisPCRTBdiagnostics moléculairesmolecular diagnosticsnucleic acid amplification testingtest d’amplification des acides nucléiquestuberculose

More Related Videos

Use of the Invertebrate Galleria mellonella as an Infection Model to Study the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex
09:23

Use of the Invertebrate Galleria mellonella as an Infection Model to Study the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex

Published on: June 30, 2019

12.0K
System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis
09:57

System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Published on: April 5, 2017

8.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 22, 2025

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

18.9K
Use of the Invertebrate Galleria mellonella as an Infection Model to Study the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex
09:23

Use of the Invertebrate Galleria mellonella as an Infection Model to Study the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex

Published on: June 30, 2019

12.0K
System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis
09:57

System for Efficacy and Cytotoxicity Screening of Inhibitors Targeting Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Published on: April 5, 2017

8.7K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Diagnostics
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Canada has a low incidence of tuberculosis (TB).
  • Current diagnostics in British Columbia (BC) include acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and mycobacterial culture for all sputum samples.
  • TB nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) is currently performed only on AFB-smear-positive (AFB+) sputum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the laboratory-associated costs of implementing international recommendations for TB NAT on AFB-smear-negative (AFB-) sputum samples.
  • To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of expanding TB NAT in a low-incidence setting.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of AFB- and AFB-, TB-culture-positive sputum samples over a 3-year period (October 2014-September 2017).
  • Evaluation of a 1-year subset (October 2016-September 2017) to stratify patients by ordering location.
  • Calculation of estimated annual costs for implementing TB NAT on AFB- sputum samples.

Main Results:

  • In the 3-year period, 0.7% of diagnostic sets were AFB- and culture-positive.
  • During the 1-year period, TB Services clinics accounted for 26% of AFB- samples but 78% of AFB-, culture-positive samples.
  • The estimated annual cost for universal AFB- sputum NAT is $247,000, while targeting TB Services clinics reduces this to $64,000/year, capturing over 75% of AFB-, culture-positive cases.

Conclusions:

  • Expanding TB NAT to AFB- sputum samples presents a significant cost in low-incidence settings.
  • Targeting high-yield patient groups, such as those seen by TB Services clinics, enhances cost-effectiveness.
  • The cost per early diagnosis for an AFB-, culture-positive patient is approximately $6,000, warranting careful evaluation of public health cost-effectiveness.