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Virtualization of Cross-Border Labor Migration.

I P Tsapenko¹, I V Grishin¹

¹Primakov National Research Institute of the World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO), Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences

|November 7, 2022

Summary

Virtual labor migration, or telemigration, involves cross-border remote work. This growing trend offers benefits but also creates social tensions due to global inequalities and inadequate worker protections.

Keywords:

circulation cross-border telecommuting digital technologies digitalized labor platforms international population migration international trade in services mobility social imbalances and differences telemigration virtual migration

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Area of Science:

Socioeconomics
Digital Transformation
Labor Studies

Background:

Virtual labor migration (telemigration) is defined as cross-border remote work.
It represents a new phase in mobility transformations driven by digital advancements.
The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the growth of this employment model.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze virtual labor migration within a broader migration context.
To examine the implications of telemigration on labor relations and social dynamics.
To identify challenges and propose solutions for optimizing virtual labor migration.

Main Methods:

Conceptual analysis of virtual migration within migration transition theory.
Examination of the characteristics of digitalized labor markets.
Analysis of socioeconomic and digital development asymmetries.

Main Results:

Virtual migration involves crossing virtual borders for remote work, distinct from traditional labor.
The model is highly circulatory, with short job durations.
It exacerbates existing socioeconomic imbalances and creates new social tensions.
Insufficient social protection for workers is a significant concern.

Conclusions:

Virtual migration, while beneficial, poses challenges related to global inequalities and worker protection.
Comprehensive regulatory measures at international, state, and corporate levels are needed.
Optimizing virtual labor migration requires addressing social protection and developmental asymmetries.