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Updated: Aug 22, 2025

A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
Published on: March 6, 2018
Dramatic response to pembrolizumab after pseudoprogression in a patient with advanced metastatic castration-resistant
Takumi Kageyama1,2,3, Norihito Soga2, Sho Sekito2
1Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology Mie University Graduate School of Medicine Tsu Mie Japan.
Introduction:
Prostate cancer with a microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair-deficient status is not common. Few reports of the response to pembrolizumab in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in a real-world setting have been reported. This case report describes a dramatic response to pembrolizumab after initial pseudoprogression in a patient with microsatellite instability-high metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Case Presentation:
A 70-year-old man was administered pembrolizumab for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after the genetic evaluation of lymphadenectomy revealed a microsatellite instability-high status. His general condition dramatically improved after pseudoprogression. His favorable condition has been maintained for 1 year since the final dose.
Conclusion:
We experienced a case of dramatic response to pembrolizumab after pseudoprogression in a patient with advanced metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. In patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and the microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient phenotype, a few months follow-up is necessary to evaluate the efficacy of pembrolizumab.
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