Asymmetric eye size in an infant.

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Ophthalmology
• Neonatal Medicine

Background:

• Toxoplasmosis is an uncommon congenital infection in Canada.
• It can lead to severe clinical manifestations, including fetal death.

Observation:

• Neurologic and ocular manifestations are common in untreated congenital toxoplasmosis.
• Microphthalmia (small eye size) is a rare but significant finding, potentially indicating severe ocular disease.

Findings:

• This case highlights the importance of recognizing congenital toxoplasmosis.
• Microphthalmia can serve as a marker for severe ocular involvement in congenital toxoplasmosis.

Implications:

• Early clinical recognition of congenital toxoplasmosis is crucial in Canada due to the absence of universal screening.
• Prompt diagnosis and treatment can benefit infants, even those initially asymptomatic.
• This case underscores the need for awareness among clinicians regarding this infection and its potential severity.