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Superconductor01:24

Superconductor

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

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Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
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Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
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Topological Superconductivity Based on Antisymmetric Spin-Orbit Coupling.

Xiaoming Zhang1, Jiale Liu1, Feng Liu2

  • 1College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong266100, China.

Nano Letters
|November 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered new topological superconductors (TSC) using antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling (ASOC), overcoming limitations of previous methods. This expands the search for materials crucial for quantum computing.

Keywords:
Antisymmetric spin−orbit couplingPoint group symmetryScreening 2D materialsTopological superconductivity

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Topological superconductivity (TSC) is vital for quantum computation.
  • Existing p-wave TSC theories rely on Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC), which has limitations.
  • A broader approach is needed to discover new TSC materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generalize existing p-wave TSC theories to include antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling (ASOC).
  • To identify new classes of materials exhibiting topological superconductivity.
  • To expand the material base for potential quantum computing applications.

Main Methods:

  • Generalized p-wave theory to include antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling (ASOC).
  • Applied k·p perturbation theory to analyze 2D crystals with specific point groups.
  • Screened 2D material databases and performed first-principles calculations.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that 2D crystals with point groups C2, C4, C6, D2, D4, D6, S4 facilitate ASOC.
  • Discovered 314 new topological superconductivity candidates.
  • Confirmed candidates via calculations of Majorana boundary modes and topological invariants.

Conclusions:

  • Antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling (ASOC) provides a new avenue for realizing topological superconductivity.
  • The study significantly enriches TSC theory and expands the range of candidate materials.
  • This work paves the way for experimental exploration of novel TSC materials.