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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Related Experiment Video

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Tumor Transplantation for Assessing the Dynamics of Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells in Mice
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CD36 and Its Role in Regulating the Tumor Microenvironment.

Xinzhi Liao1,2, Sheng Yan1,2, Jialin Li1,2

  • 1The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.

Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|November 10, 2022
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CD36, a protein involved in lipid metabolism and immune response, plays diverse roles in tumor progression, including promoting cancer cell growth and angiogenesis. Understanding CD36

Keywords:
CD36angiogenesislipid metabolismtumor-associated immune cells

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • CD36 is a transmembrane glycoprotein involved in lipid metabolism, immune response, and angiogenesis.
  • Recent research indicates CD36's significant role in mediating lipid uptake by tumor-associated immune cells and promoting tumor progression.
  • CD36's functions in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) include regulating lipid uptake and matrix protein production, thereby promoting tumor proliferation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent research findings on the novel roles of CD36 in the context of tumors.
  • To highlight CD36's diverse functions in tumor cell adhesion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and angiogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature focusing on CD36's functions in various cancer types.
  • Analysis of studies investigating CD36's interactions with ligands such as fatty acids (FAs), cholesterol, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), and thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2).
  • Examination of CD36's role in processes like lipid uptake, immune cell function, extracellular matrix (ECM) interaction, EMT, and tumor angiogenesis, including vascular mimicry (VM).

Main Results:

  • CD36 promotes tumor cell adhesion to the ECM and induces EMT.
  • CD36 binding to TSP-1 and TSP-2 can inhibit tumor angiogenesis but also promote tumor cell migration and invasion.
  • CD36 contributes to tumor angiogenesis through vascular mimicry (VM).

Conclusions:

  • CD36 exhibits multifaceted roles in tumor biology, influencing lipid metabolism, immune responses, and tumor progression.
  • CD36's diverse functions, including promoting proliferation, adhesion, EMT, and angiogenesis, underscore its significance as a therapeutic target in cancer.
  • Further research into CD36's complex interactions within the tumor microenvironment is warranted to fully elucidate its oncogenic potential.