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Updated: Aug 22, 2025

The Identification of Sea Lamprey Pheromones Using Bioassay-Guided Fractionation
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NMR-Based Chromatography Readouts: Indispensable Tools to "Translate" Analytical Features into Molecular Structures

Christoph Seger1,2, Sonja Sturm1

  • 1Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, CCB-Centrum of Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

Cells
|November 11, 2022
PubMed

Keywords:
HPLCHPLC-NMRHPLC-SPE-NMRHPLC–MS/MSNMR spectroscopycapNMRliquid chromatographymass spectrometrymetabolomicsstructure elucidation

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
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A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
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