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Harsh Physical Discipline and Externalizing Behaviors in Children: A Systematic Review
Marthe Wiggers1, Fred Paas1,2
1Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 3062 PA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|November 11, 2022
Summary
Physical punishment is linked to negative child behaviors and academic issues. Parents should use alternative discipline methods to support healthy child development.
Area of Science:
- Child Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Parenting literature debates the efficacy of physical punishment versus its potential to foster aggression.
- This review examines the link between harsh physical discipline and externalizing behaviors in children.
- The impact on educational outcomes is also explored.
Approach:
- A literature review was conducted using relevant databases.
- Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in 22 reviewed articles.
- The review synthesizes findings on the association between corporal punishment and child behavior.
Key Points:
- Strong associations exist between parental corporal punishment and various child behaviors.
- Cultural norms may moderate the effects of physical discipline.
- Parental warmth's moderating role remains inconclusive.
Conclusions:
- Harsh physical discipline is associated with negative child behaviors and impaired educational outcomes.
- Cultural normativeness is a key moderator, while parental warmth's role requires further investigation.
- Encouraging alternative, non-physical discipline strategies is crucial for child well-being.
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