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Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
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Because many receptor binding ligands are hydrophilic, they do not cross the cell membrane and thus their message must be relayed to a second messenger on the inside. There are several second messenger pathways, each with their own way of relaying information. G-protein coupled receptors can activate both phosphoinositol and cyclic AMP (cAMP) second messenger pathways. The phosphoinositol path is active when the receptor induces phospholipase C to hydrolyze the phospholipid,...
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Extraction and Quantification of Soluble, Radiolabeled Inositol Polyphosphates from Different Plant Species using SAX-HPLC
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Myo-D-inositol Trisphosphate Signalling in Oomycetes.

Indu Muraleedharan Nair1,2, Emma Condon1,2, Barbara Doyle Prestwich2

  • 1Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University College Cork (UCC), T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland.

Microorganisms
|November 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Oomycetes cause significant agricultural losses. This study reveals oomycetes have unique myo-inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate signaling pathways, differing from other eukaryotes, offering potential new targets for pathogen control.

Keywords:
calciummyo-inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphateoomycete

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Area of Science:

  • * Molecular biology
  • * Plant pathology
  • * Biochemistry

Background:

  • * Oomycetes are destructive plant and animal pathogens, causing substantial global economic damage.
  • * Phytophthora infestans, an oomycete, is infamous for causing late blight in tomatoes and potatoes.
  • * Understanding oomycete physiology offers avenues for developing targeted control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the molecular mechanisms of myo-inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate signaling in oomycetes.
  • * To compare oomycete signaling pathways with those found in other eukaryotic organisms.
  • * To identify potential targets for selective oomycete pathogen control.

Main Methods:

  • * Bioinformatic analysis of oomycete genomes.
  • * Comparative molecular biology approaches.
  • * Investigation of signaling pathway components.

Main Results:

  • * Oomycetes exhibit distinct myo-inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate signaling pathways compared to other eukaryotes.
  • * Several oomycete species lack phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C homologues, crucial for second messenger generation.
  • * Oomycetes retain components related to myo-inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate-gated calcium channels.

Conclusions:

  • * Oomycete myo-inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate signaling pathways present unique features.
  • * The absence of key phospholipase C enzymes suggests alternative mechanisms for second messenger production in oomycetes.
  • * These differences may represent novel targets for developing selective oomycete control agents.