How to Decide the Iodine Content in Salt for a Country-China as an Example.

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Nutrition Science
• Food Chemistry

Background:

• Universal salt iodization is crucial for preventing iodine deficiency disorders globally.
• Determining optimal iodine content in salt requires timely adjustments based on population needs.
• China sought to establish a robust process for salt iodine content selection and evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish a process for selecting, deciding, and evaluating salt iodine content in China.
• To provide a reference for other countries regarding salt iodization strategies.
• To ensure adequate iodine intake and prevent iodine deficiency disorders across different population groups.

Main Methods:

• Collected data on salt intake, water iodine levels, and iodine stability in salt.
• Conducted field investigations across four Chinese provinces with diverse populations.
• Calculated iodine intake and verified suitability using 2020 national surveillance data.

Main Results:

• Optimal iodine content in salt for the general population (children and adults) was determined to be 20-30 mg/kg.
• Recommended iodine content for pregnant women ranged from 30-35 mg/kg.
• Evaluated iodine nutritional status confirmed the appropriateness of the preset iodine levels for different groups.

Conclusions:

• A scientifically validated procedure for setting salt iodine content in China was established.
• The recommended iodine levels in salt ensure adequate intake within safe limits for various demographics.
• The established process offers a valuable framework for international salt iodization programs.