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Challenges in neoantigen-directed therapeutics.

Lien Lybaert¹, Steve Lefever¹, Bruno Fant¹

¹myNEO NV, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.

|November 11, 2022

Summary

Neoantigen-directed cancer therapy requires functional T cells. This review covers in silico neoantigen discovery and clinical challenges for effective cancer immunotherapy.

Keywords:

cancer immunotherapy neoantigen vaccine

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Oncology
Bioinformatics

Background:

Cancer immunotherapy efficacy depends on functional, tumor-infiltrating, antigen-specific T cells.
Neoantigen-directed therapy harnesses the host immune response against tumor-specific antigens for cancer cell eradication.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of neoantigen-directed cancer therapy.
To highlight the role of in silico neoantigen discovery.
To discuss clinical challenges and future directions.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on neoantigen discovery and cancer immunotherapy.
Emphasis on computational approaches for identifying neoantigens.
Analysis of clinical trial data and challenges in neoantigen-directed therapies.

Main Results:

Neoantigen discovery, particularly through in silico methods, is crucial for personalized cancer vaccines and adoptive cell therapies.
Clinical translation faces hurdles including neoantigen identification accuracy, T cell activation, and tumor microenvironment modulation.

Conclusions:

Neoantigen-directed therapies hold significant promise for cancer treatment.
Overcoming clinical challenges in neoantigen discovery and application is essential to realize the full potential of this immunotherapy strategy.