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Related Concept Videos

Moisture Content and Bulking of Aggregate01:10

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The moisture content of aggregates is a crucial factor in construction, particularly in concrete mixing, as it influences the total water required in the mix. Moisture content represents the water coated on the exterior surface of the aggregate existing in a saturated and surface-dry condition. The total water content of a moist aggregate is the sum of its moisture content and water absorption.
When aggregates are exposed to rain or sit in stockpiles, they absorb moisture, which must be...
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Continuous Twin-Screw wet granulation process with In-Barrel drying and NIR setup for Real-Time Moisture Monitoring.

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Summary
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This study successfully combined wet granule formation and drying into a single operation using in-barrel drying. This innovative pharmaceutical manufacturing technique streamlines processes, reducing time and environmental impact.

Keywords:
Continuous wet granulation and dryingIn-barrel dryingNIR monitoring during twin-screw wet granulationPilot-scaleTwin-screw wet granulation

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Manufacturing
  • Process Engineering
  • Material Science

Background:

  • Traditional pharmaceutical manufacturing involves separate steps for wet granulation and drying.
  • This multi-step process can be time-consuming, increase manufacturing footprint, and lead to greater environmental exposure.
  • Optimizing unit operations is crucial for efficient drug production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of combining wet granule formation and drying into a single operation using in-barrel drying.
  • To study the drying kinetics of a formulation within an extruder.
  • To assess the impact of processing parameters on the integrated granulation and drying process.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an 18-mm twin-screw extruder with a 40:1 length-to-diameter ratio and 8 zones.
  • Investigated screw configuration, screw speed, feed rate, and residence time for process optimization.
  • Incorporated in-line Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for real-time moisture monitoring and vacuum-assisted drying to enhance efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated the integrated wet granulation and drying process on a pilot-scale extruder.
  • Achieved target loss on drying (LOD) below 2% at moderate temperatures (100°C - 110°C).
  • Developed an optimized setup and a predictive model for the twin-screw wet granulation (TSWG) process.

Conclusions:

  • In-barrel drying integrated with twin-screw wet granulation (TSWG) is a viable single-operation technique for pharmaceutical manufacturing.
  • This streamlined approach significantly reduces processing time, equipment footprint, and environmental exposure.
  • The developed method offers a promising alternative for efficient and sustainable drug product development.