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Relation between Demographics and Physical Activity among Preschoolers Attending Head Start

Joonyoung Lee1, Jean Keller2, Tao Zhang2

  • 1Department of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217 USA.

Journal of Child and Family Studies
|November 14, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Preschoolers in Head Start programs, especially girls and Hispanic/Latinx children with at-risk weight or lower motor skills, showed less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and more sedentary behavior. Interventions are needed to address these health disparities.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Behavioral Science
  • Early Childhood Education

Background:

  • Limited data exists on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in Head Start preschoolers.
  • Understanding these patterns is crucial for early intervention and health promotion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine preschoolers' SB and PA patterns within Head Start programs.
  • To investigate the associations between SB/PA and sociodemographic factors, weight status, and motor development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Actical® activity monitors to assess PA in 216 preschoolers across six Head Start centers.
  • Collected data on sociodemographic factors, weight status, and motor development.

Main Results:

  • Female, Hispanic/Latinx preschoolers, and those with at-risk weight or below-average motor development exhibited less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA/LMVPA) and higher SB.
  • Significant associations were found between these factors (p < 0.05-0.001, d = 0.23–0.62).

Conclusions:

  • Head Start stakeholders must recognize and address PA and health disparities in underserved preschoolers.
  • Interventions promoting health-promoting behaviors are essential for this population.

Keywords:
Head StartMotor developmentObesityPhysical activitySedentary behavior

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