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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 22, 2025

Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street

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A hybrid Bayesian BWM and Pythagorean fuzzy WASPAS-based decision-making framework for parcel locker location

Bahar Yalcin Kavus¹, Ertugrul Ayyildiz², Pelin Gulum Tas³

¹Department of Industrial Engineering, Nisantasi University, 34398, Istanbul, Turkey.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International

|November 14, 2022

Summary

This study identifies the optimal location for a parcel locker in Istanbul to improve last-mile deliveries. A novel hybrid model combining Bayesian Best Worst Method (B-BWM) and Pythagorean fuzzy Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (PF-WASPAS) was used.

Keywords:

Bayesian best worst method Location selection Parcel locker Pythagorean fuzzy numbers WASPAS

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Area of Science:

Operations Research
Urban Logistics
Geographic Information Systems

Background:

Last-mile deliveries contribute significantly to urban commercial vehicle traffic.
Parcel lockers offer an efficient, private, and eco-friendly solution for last-mile logistics.
Optimizing parcel locker placement is crucial for enhancing urban delivery services and reducing congestion.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the most convenient location for establishing a parcel locker in Istanbul's Beşiktaş district.
To develop and apply a novel multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model for optimal parcel locker site selection.
To integrate fuzzy logic for incorporating expert opinions into the location decision process.

Main Methods:

A novel hybrid MCDM model integrating Bayesian Best Worst Method (B-BWM) and Pythagorean fuzzy Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (PF-WASPAS) was developed.
Fuzzy logic was employed to translate expert judgments into mathematical terms for decision-making.
Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the proposed model's robustness and reliability.

Main Results:

The proposed B-BWM and PF-WASPAS integrated model successfully identified the optimal location for a parcel locker in the specified district.
The methodology demonstrated the effective application of advanced MCDM techniques in solving real-world urban logistics problems.
The sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability and validity of the model's outcome.

Conclusions:

The study presents a robust and novel approach for optimizing parcel locker locations in urban environments.
The findings provide valuable insights for logistics companies and urban planners seeking to improve last-mile delivery efficiency.
The integrated B-BWM and PF-WASPAS model offers a significant contribution to the field of sustainable urban logistics and site selection.