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A Shuttle-Free Solid-State Cu-Li Battery Based on a Sandwich-Structured Electrolyte.

Huimin Wang1,2, Changhong Wang2, Matthew Zheng2

  • 1College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Blvd, Nanshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|November 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel solid-state sandwich electrolyte for copper-lithium (Cu-Li) batteries. This design enhances Cu-ion solubility and stability, enabling high energy density and long cycle life for advanced battery applications.

Keywords:
Cu−Li BatteriesDeep Eutectic SolventMetal CathodesSandwich ElectrolyteSolid-State Batteries

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Copper-lithium (Cu-Li) batteries offer high energy density and low cost due to copper's two-electron redox property.
  • Traditional Cu-Li batteries suffer from limited Cu-ion solubility and shuttle effects in liquid electrolytes, hindering performance.
  • These limitations result in low energy density and poor cycling stability, restricting practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design a novel solid-state sandwich electrolyte for improved Cu-Li battery performance.
  • To address the challenges of limited Cu-ion solubility and ion crossover in Cu-Li batteries.
  • To enable high energy density and enhanced cycling stability in solid-state Cu-Li battery systems.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a solid-state sandwich electrolyte incorporating a deep-eutectic-solvent gel and a ceramic interlayer.
  • The deep-eutectic-solvent gel acts as a Cu-ion reservoir, enhancing solubility.
  • A ceramic Li1.4 Al0.4 Ti1.6 (PO4 )3 interlayer was employed to prevent Cu-ion crossover.

Main Results:

  • The designed solid-state sandwich electrolyte exhibits high ionic conductivity (0.55 mS/cm at 25°C) and a wide electrochemical window (>4.5 V vs. Li+/Li).
  • The electrolyte demonstrated high Cu-ion solubility, crucial for battery performance.
  • Solid-state Cu-Li batteries achieved a high energy density of 1485 Wh/kgCu-1 and 97% capacity retention over 120 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The developed solid-state sandwich electrolyte effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional electrolytes in Cu-Li batteries.
  • This approach significantly improves energy density and cycling stability, paving the way for practical solid-state Cu-Li batteries.
  • The study provides a foundation for future research into cost-effective and high-performance solid-state Cu-Li battery technologies.