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How does financial development reduce carbon emissions: evidence from BRI countries.

Chunyan Liu1, Jun Xu2, Jun Zhao1

  • 1School of Economics and Management, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
|November 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Financial development in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries impacts carbon emissions, showing both restraining and rebound effects. The net positive effect highlights the need to enhance financial development

Keywords:
BRI countriesCarbon emissionsEnergy consumptionFinancial developmentTechnological progressTwo-tier stochastic Frontier model

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Economics
  • Climate Change Policy
  • Sustainable Development

Background:

  • Low-carbon development in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries is critical for global climate change mitigation.
  • Financial development significantly influences economic growth and carbon emissions in BRI nations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dual impact (restraining and rebounding effects) of financial development on carbon emissions in 43 BRI countries from 1997-2019.
  • To analyze the net effect of financial development on carbon emissions and identify factors influencing these effects.

Main Methods:

  • Application of panel data from 43 BRI countries spanning 1997-2019.
  • Utilization of a two-tier stochastic Frontier model to decompose the restraining and rebounding effects of financial development.
  • Quantitative analysis of the average restraining, rebounding, and net effects.

Main Results:

  • Financial development exhibits both restraining (average 0.165) and rebounding (average 0.018) effects on carbon emissions, with a net positive effect (average 0.147).
  • The restraining effect diminishes over time, suggesting a potential threshold for its effectiveness.
  • Technological progress amplifies the restraining effect, while increased energy consumption weakens it.

Conclusions:

  • Financial development's net positive impact on carbon emissions necessitates strategies to maximize its restraining potential.
  • Promoting technological advancement and reducing reliance on fossil fuels are crucial for achieving low-carbon development in BRI countries.
  • Policy interventions should focus on leveraging financial development for environmental gains while mitigating its adverse effects.