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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation01:25

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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic β-cells synthesizes preproinsulin, which consists of a signal peptide, A and B chains, and a C-peptide. Preproinsulin is then cleaved and folded into proinsulin, which translocates to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and packaging into secretory granules. In these granules, enzymatic clipping generates insulin and C-peptide.
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Related Experiment Video

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Studying Diabetes Through the Eyes of a Fish: Microdissection, Visualization, and Analysis of the Adult tgfli:EGFP Zebrafish Retinal Vasculature
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Progress on research and development in diabetes mellitus.

Li-Wen Zhang1, Mei-Hua Ruan1, Jia-Lan Liu2

  • 1Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.

Yi Chuan = Hereditas
|November 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study analyzes diabetes mellitus research and development, finding steady growth in scientific output and active pharmaceutical industry involvement. Future efforts should focus on translating research into products for the large diabetes care market.

Keywords:
diabetes mellitusdrug developmentindustrial developmentresearch status

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Public Health
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a significant global health concern, characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance or insufficiency.
  • The increasing prevalence of diabetes necessitates a comprehensive understanding of its research and development landscape.
  • Addressing the global burden of diabetes requires continuous innovation in diagnosis, treatment, and management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive analysis of the current research and development (R&D) status of diabetes mellitus.
  • To examine trends in scientific publications, patent filings, drug development, and industrial progress in the field of diabetes.
  • To identify key players and emerging areas within diabetes R&D, with a focus on China's contributions and needs.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of scientific literature and patent databases.
  • Analysis of drug development pipelines, including launched and investigational therapies.
  • Assessment of industrial development, market trends, and digital health solutions for diabetes management.

Main Results:

  • Scientific output in diabetes research is steadily increasing, with a focus on diabetic complications and epidemiology.
  • Major pharmaceutical companies are actively involved in diabetes diagnosis, treatment, and management.
  • As of March 2022, 207 diabetes drugs were available, with numerous candidates in development; the diabetes market is substantial, and digital management is rapidly advancing.
  • China demonstrates considerable strength in diabetes R&D, with significant domestic demand for diabetes care products.

Conclusions:

  • The R&D landscape for diabetes mellitus is dynamic, characterized by consistent scientific advancement and robust industry engagement.
  • There is a critical need to enhance the translation of research findings into tangible products and therapeutic solutions.
  • Strengthening R&D outcomes and product development is essential to address the substantial diabetes care needs, particularly in China.