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Huntington Disease l: Introduction01:21

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Huntington disease or HD is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.PathophysiologyIt is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4 (4p16.3), producing an abnormal huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. This misfolded protein disrupts cellular function, leading to neuronal death. Normal alleles have ≤26 repeats, 27–35 are intermediate (risk of expansion), 36–39 show reduced penetrance,...

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CBP-HSF2 structural and functional interplay in Rubinstein-Taybi neurodevelopmental disorder.

Aurélie de Thonel1, Johanna K Ahlskog2,3, Kevin Daupin4

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Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) involves mutations in CBP/EP300, impacting brain development. This study reveals CBP/EP300 regulates heat-shock factor 2 (HSF2), crucial for stress response and neurodevelopment, offering new insights into RSTS.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in CBP or EP300 genes.
  • The precise molecular mechanisms underlying RSTS neurodevelopmental defects are not fully understood.
  • Stress-responsive pathways are implicated in brain development but their role in RSTS is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of stress-responsive pathways in RSTS.
  • To characterize the interaction between CBP/EP300 and heat-shock factor 2 (HSF2).
  • To elucidate the molecular basis of neurodevelopmental defects in RSTS.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of CBP/EP300 acetylation of HSF2.
  • Assessment of HSF2 protein stability and levels in RSTS patient-derived cells.
  • Generation and analysis of RSTS patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and cerebral organoids.
  • Investigation of the CBP/EP300-HSF2-N-cadherin signaling cascade.

Main Results:

  • CBP/EP300 directly acetylates HSF2, promoting its stabilization.
  • RSTS patient cells exhibit reduced HSF2 levels and altered stress response.
  • A CBP/EP300-HSF2-N-cadherin pathway is identified, and its disruption impairs neuroepithelial integrity in RSTS organoid models.

Conclusions:

  • HSF2 stabilization by CBP/EP300 is critical for normal brain development and stress response.
  • Dysregulation of the CBP/EP300-HSF2 pathway contributes to RSTS pathophysiology.
  • This study provides a molecular framework for understanding RSTS and potential therapeutic targets.