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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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The setting time of cement refers to the process of cement paste transitioning from a plastic state to a solid state. This process is crucial in construction as it dictates the timeframe for concrete placement, compaction, and finishing. The onset of this solidification is termed the initial set, indicating when the paste becomes unworkable. The final set is when the paste has solidified completely, and further handling or manipulation can no longer affect its shape. The cement strength is...
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When conducting an experiment, it is crucial to have control to reduce bias and accurately measure the dependent variables. It also marks the results more reliable. Controls are elements in an experiment that have the same characteristics as the treatment groups but are not affected by the independent variable. By sorting these data into control and experimental conditions, the relationship between the dependent and independent variables can be drawn. A randomized experiment always includes a...
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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
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When the clock ticks wrong with COVID-19.

Silvana Papagerakis1,2,3,4,5, Raed Said1,2,6,7, Farinaz Ketabat1,3

  • 1Laboratory of Oral, Head and Neck Cancer - Personalized Diagnostics and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.

Clinical and Translational Medicine
|November 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The circadian clock influences immune responses. Disruptions to this internal clock may explain varied COVID-19 severity and outcomes, suggesting new treatment avenues.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2 infectioncircadian clockclinical outcomesepigeneticsmicroRNAsoral and systemic precision healthpersonalized medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Chronobiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19, with highly variable clinical presentations and outcomes.
  • Individual characteristics likely influence disease variability, necessitating personalized medicine approaches.
  • The circadian clock regulates physiological processes, including immune function and response to pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence linking circadian clock dysregulation to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • To explore the role of circadian variability in COVID-19 susceptibility, disease progression, and outcomes.
  • To identify potential for circadian-centered prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating the circadian clock and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Synthesis of evidence on circadian rhythm's impact on immune response to viral infections.
  • Analysis of how circadian dysregulation may affect COVID-19 manifestations.

Main Results:

  • Emerging evidence suggests links between the circadian clock and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Circadian clock dysregulation may contribute to inter-individual differences in COVID-19 severity.
  • The precise mechanisms linking circadian profiles to COVID-19 outcomes require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Circadian clock dysregulation is a potential factor in COVID-19 variability.
  • Understanding these links may lead to novel circadian-based approaches for COVID-19 management.
  • Further research is crucial for developing precision health strategies targeting the circadian clock in COVID-19.