Autogenous particulated dentin for alveolar ridge preservation. A systematic review

This review aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of autogenous particulated dentin (APD) used for alveolar ridge preservation (ARP), evaluating volume gain, histologic/histomorphometric data, and associated complications.

The review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). An automated search was made in four databases (Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) supplemented by a manual search for relevant clinical articles published before March 10th, 2022. The review included human studies of at least four patients in which extraction and subsequent ARP were performed in a single surgery. Both comparative studies and studies that assessed ARP with APD exclusively were admitted. The quality of evidence was assessed with the Cochrane bias assessment tool, the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale, and the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool.

Eleven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included for descriptive analysis, with a total of 215 patients, and 337 alveoli preserved by APD, spontaneous healing (blood clot), or other bone substitutes, obtaining comparatively less vertical and horizontal resorption when APD was used.

After dental extraction, autogenous dentin was effective in terms of volume maintenance, showing promising results in histologic/histomorphometric analysis, and a low complication rate. Nevertheless, few comparative studies with comparable parameters have been published and so more research providing long-term data is needed to confirm these findings.