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    Acoustic Wave Sparsely-Activated Localization Microscopy (AWSALM) offers on-demand, selective super-resolution ultrasound imaging. This new method achieves fast, high-resolution visualization of microvascular dynamics in vivo.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Medical Imaging
    • Microcirculation Research

    Background:

    • Microcirculation perfusion is vital for tissue health and disease.
    • High-resolution imaging of deep tissue microvasculature remains challenging.
    • Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (ULM) offers high resolution but has limitations with microbubble agents.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and validate Acoustic Wave Sparsely-Activated Localization Microscopy (AWSALM) for in vivo super-resolution ultrasound imaging.
    • To demonstrate the capability of AWSALM for on-demand contrast generation and vascular selectivity.
    • To evaluate the performance of AWSALM compared to traditional ULM.

    Main Methods:

    • Development and application of AWSALM and fast-AWSALM techniques.
    • Utilized three formulations of acoustically activatable contrast agents (nanodroplets).
    • Performed in vivo imaging of rabbit renal vasculature using ultrasound mechanical indices within safety limits.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved super-localization maps of renal vasculature with acquisition times as low as 0.25 seconds.
    • Demonstrated a 4-fold improvement in spatial resolution compared to conventional methods.
    • Showcased unique selectivity in visualizing specific vascular branches and microvasculature dynamics during systole and diastole.

    Conclusions:

    • AWSALM provides on-demand contrast and vascular selectivity for ultrasound imaging.
    • Fast-AWSALM enables rapid, super-resolution visualization of microvascular dynamics in vivo.
    • This technology outperforms microbubble-based ULM for dynamic microvascular imaging.