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Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

Ruling Out Initially Clustered Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter.

Valerio De Luca¹, Gabriele Franciolini^2,3, Antonio Riotto¹

¹Département de Physique Théorique and Centre for Astroparticle Physics (CAP), Université de Genève, 24 quai E. Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters

|November 18, 2022

Summary

Large spatial clustering of stellar-mass primordial black holes is ruled out by combining microlensing and Lyman-α forest data. This finding prevents primordial black holes from dominating dark matter by enhancing their initial clustering.

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Area of Science:

Cosmology
Astrophysics
Particle Physics

Background:

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are hypothetical candidates for dark matter.
Existing constraints limit the abundance of stellar-mass PBHs.
The role of initial clustering in PBH formation and abundance is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of large spatial clustering on stellar-mass PBHs.
To determine if enhanced initial clustering can evade existing dark matter constraints.
To rule out specific formation scenarios for PBHs.

Main Methods:

Combining observational constraints from gravitational microlensing.
Utilizing data from the Lyman-α forest absorption spectra.
Developing a theoretical argument based on these combined constraints.

Main Results:

Large spatial clustering of stellar-mass PBHs at formation is definitively ruled out.
The presence of significant non-Gaussianities during formation is incompatible with observations.
Boosting initial clustering cannot circumvent existing limits on PBHs as dominant dark matter.

Conclusions:

Stellar-mass primordial black holes cannot be a dominant component of dark matter.
The formation mechanisms of PBHs are constrained, disfavoring models with high initial clustering.
Microlensing and Lyman-α forest data provide powerful tools to constrain PBH astrophysics.