Global-local multi-field models for the stress analysis of laminated structures

The present paper presents an innovative numerical model for predicting stress concentrations in composite materials in a multi-physics context. The numerical approach is based on the Carrera unified formulation, a numerical tool able to handle any kinematic model using a unified and compact notation. A general formulation for one-, two- and three-dimensional higher-order models has been presented. Equivalent single-layer and layer-wise models have been considered since they are the most effective in the analysis of composite materials. A hygro-thermo-elastic multi-physics formulation has been considered. The model has been used to investigate stress concentrations considering different configurations. Mechanical, thermal and hygroscopic loads have been considered. An innovative global-local analysis technique has been used to reduce the computational cost preserving the accuracy of the solution. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ageing and durability of composite materials'.