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Diastolic function and cardiovascular risk among patients with severe obesity referred to a lifestyle-program - a

Line M Oldervoll1,2, Rolf Gjestad1, Christina Hilmarsen C3

  • 1Faculty of Psychology, Centre for Crisis Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.

Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal : SCJ
|November 21, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Lifestyle intervention improved cardiac diastolic function and reduced body mass index (BMI) in patients with severe obesity. Physical fitness (VO2peak) also improved, though cardiovascular risk scores did not significantly change.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Obesity Medicine
  • Preventive Cardiology

Background:

  • Severe obesity is linked to increased risk of comorbidities and cardiac dysfunction.
  • Lifestyle interventions are crucial for managing severe obesity and its associated health risks.
  • Understanding cardiac structural and functional changes in severe obesity is essential for targeted treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction (DD) at baseline in severe obesity.
  • To assess changes in cardiac function, body mass index (BMI), physical fitness (VO2peak), and cardiovascular risk following a lifestyle intervention.
  • To evaluate these changes at 6-month and 12-month follow-ups.

Main Methods:

  • An open, single-site, prospective observational study involving participants with severe obesity.
  • A lifestyle intervention program comprising three 3-week intermittent stays over 12 months.
  • Echocardiography at baseline (T1) and 6 months (T2); BMI, VO2peak, and cardiovascular risk assessed at T1, T2, and 12 months (T3).

Main Results:

  • A low prevalence of diastolic dysfunction (DD) was observed at baseline (12%) and 6 months (10%).
  • Significant improvements in diastolic parameters, including E/A ratio and mitral deceleration time, were noted at 6 months.
  • A notable reduction in BMI (-1.8) and improvement in VO2peak (1.6 mL/kg/min) were sustained from 6 to 12 months; cardiovascular risk scores remained unchanged.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with severe obesity exhibit a low prevalence of diastolic dysfunction (DD).
  • Lifestyle intervention led to improvements in diastolic function and significant weight loss.
  • While physical fitness improved, the intervention did not significantly alter overall cardiovascular risk scores in this cohort.

Keywords:
Severe obesitycardiovascular riskleft ventricular diastolic functionlife-style intervention

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