Simulation and Optimization of a Multistage Interconnected Fluidized Bed Reactor for Coal Chemical Looping Combustion

This work established a three-dimensional model of a chemical looping system with multistage reactors coupled with hydrodynamics and chemical reactions. The thermal characteristics in the chemical looping combustion (CLC) system were simulated using coal as fuel and hematite as an oxygen carrier (OC). Some significant aspects, including gas composition, particle residence time, backmixing rate, wall erosion, carbon capture rate, etc., were investigated in the simulation. Owing to the optimization by adding baffles in the fuel reactor (FR), the gas conversion capacity of the multistage FR was high, where the outlet CO₂ concentration was as high as 93.8% and the oxygen demand was as low as 3.8%. Through tracing and analyzing the path of char particles, we found that the residence time of most char particles was too short to be fully gasified. The residual char will be entrained into the air reactor (AR), reducing the CO₂ capture rate, which is only 80.3%. In the simulation, the wall erosion on the cyclone could be relieved by increasing the height of the horizontal pipe. In addition, improving the structure of the AR loop seal could control the residual char entrained by OC particles to the AR, and the CO₂ capture rate was increased up to 90% in the multistage CLC reactor.