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Meningococcaemia In Children-An Under Recognized Public Health Problem In Pakistan.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • Meningococcaemia, caused by Neisseria meningitidis, is a severe bacterial illness with significant mortality.
  • Limited regional data necessitates a study on disease presentation and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical manifestations and outcomes of meningococcaemia in a pediatric population.
  • To inform the development of targeted interventions for this serious infection.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive study was conducted over 19 months in a pediatric unit.
  • Children presenting with fever and characteristic petechial purpuric rash suggestive of meningococcaemia were enrolled.

Main Results:

  • 46 pediatric patients were included; 52.2% were male, and 47.8% were aged 1-5 years.
  • Major complications included meningitis (84.8%), septic shock (56.5%), and purpura fulminans (26.1%).
  • Mortality was 13%, with outcomes significantly associated with age, prolonged PT/APTT, purpura fulminans, and septic shock.

Conclusions:

  • Meningococcaemia is prevalent in the pediatric population in this region.
  • The disease follows a fulminant course with high rates of complications and mortality, particularly in infants.