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SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Increased Risk for Pediatric Stroke
MaryGlen J Vielleux1, Shanna Swartwood1, Dan Nguyen2
1Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine; Brain and Spine Center, Primary Children's Hospital, Intermountain Healthcare.
Pediatric Neurology
|November 23, 2022
Summary
Prior COVID-19 infection, not acute illness, is linked to pediatric ischemic stroke risk. This risk appears separate from multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Adults with COVID-19 have increased stroke risk.
- The association between COVID-19 and pediatric stroke is not well understood.
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a known complication of COVID-19.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between COVID-19 infection, MIS-C, and pediatric ischemic stroke.
- To determine if prior COVID-19 infection increases stroke risk in children.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective, population-based cohort analysis from March 2020 to June 2021.
- Identified pediatric ischemic stroke cases using ICD-10 codes.
- Analyzed patient data for COVID-19 infection, antibodies, and MIS-C diagnosis.
Main Results:
- Sixteen pediatric ischemic stroke cases were identified.
- No patients had active COVID-19 infection at the time of stroke.
- COVID-19 antibodies were present in 45% of tested patients, with 3 diagnosed with MIS-C.
- Stroke incidence peaked in February 2021, following peaks in COVID-19 and MIS-C cases.
Conclusions:
- Prior COVID-19 infection, not acute infection, is associated with pediatric ischemic stroke risk.
- The risk of stroke appears to be independent of MIS-C.
- Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms linking prior COVID-19 to pediatric stroke.
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