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Factors affecting perioperative body temperature.

S J Closs, I A Macdonald, P J Hawthorn

    Journal of Advanced Nursing
    |November 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Perioperative core temperature monitoring is crucial. Age and ambient theatre temperature significantly impact hypothermia, with standard ward monitoring often failing to detect temperature abnormalities in surgical patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Anesthesiology
    • Perioperative Medicine
    • Surgical Patient Care

    Background:

    • Maintaining stable body temperature during surgery is vital for patient outcomes.
    • Perioperative hypothermia and pyrexia can lead to complications.
    • Current monitoring practices may not adequately identify temperature disturbances.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate factors influencing body temperature changes in surgical patients.
    • To compare temperature fluctuations between cholecystectomy and fractured femur repair patients.
    • To assess the effectiveness of standard ward temperature monitoring post-surgery.

    Main Methods:

    • Core, toe skin, and thigh skin temperatures were measured pre- and postoperatively.
    • Two surgical groups (cholecystectomy, fractured femur repair) and a control group were studied.

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  • Influence of age, ambient theatre temperature, and body composition was analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • All surgical patients experienced core temperature drops; fractured femur patients had greater reductions.
    • Age and ambient theatre temperature were key factors in core temperature fall.
    • Patients with higher body fat exhibited smaller temperature reductions.
    • Postoperative hypothermia (below 35°C) and pyrexia occurred in several patients.
    • Standard ward monitoring failed to detect most temperature abnormalities.

    Conclusions:

    • Perioperative hypothermia is common in surgical patients, influenced by age and theatre environment.
    • Fractured femur repair patients are at higher risk of significant core temperature reduction.
    • Effective postoperative temperature monitoring is essential to prevent complications like respiratory tract infections.