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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
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Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications01:24

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Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
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Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
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Methodology for Sputum Induction and Laboratory Processing
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Asthma Exacerbations: The Genes Behind the Scenes.

E Herrera-Luis1, E Forno2, J C Celedón2

  • 1Genomics and Health Group, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Cell Biology and Genetics, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.

Journal of Investigational Allergology & Clinical Immunology
|November 24, 2022
PubMed
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Asthma exacerbations (AEs) pose a significant public health challenge. Integrating multi-omics data and deep phenotyping is key to understanding AE heterogeneity and developing precision medicine approaches.

Keywords:
Asthma exacerbationsEpigeneticsGenomicsTranscriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and genomics
  • Respiratory medicine
  • Public health

Background:

  • Asthma exacerbations (AEs) present a substantial clinical and socioeconomic burden.
  • Recent years have seen increased ethnic diversity in genetic studies of AEs, identifying novel genes and pathways.
  • Pharmacogenomics and multi-omics approaches are advancing the understanding of genetic variation in AEs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of multi-omics research in asthma exacerbations.
  • To highlight gaps in current research, particularly regarding epigenetics and the microbiome.
  • To emphasize the need for integrated data approaches for precision medicine in AEs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of candidate-gene and genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
  • Analysis of pharmacogenomic and admixture mapping studies.
  • Integration of multi-omics data (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, microbiome).
  • Consideration of deep-phenotyping data.

Main Results:

  • Genomic studies have identified novel genes and pathobiological processes involved in AEs.
  • Pharmacogenomics and admixture mapping aid in prioritizing genomic regions.
  • Epigenetic modifications (DNA methylome, histone modifications) and microRNAs in AEs require further investigation.
  • Host-airway microbiome interactions are crucial in modulating AE risk.

Conclusions:

  • Overcoming the heterogeneity of AEs requires leveraging multi-omics data and deep phenotyping.
  • Identifying therapeutic targets and implementing precision medicine for AEs necessitates integrated data strategies.
  • Future research should focus on epigenetics, microbiome interactions, and validated microRNA findings.