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Noninvasive Assessment of Cardiac Abnormalities in Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis by Magnetic Resonance Microscopy Imaging in the Mouse
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Myocardial Involvement in Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases

Alexia A Zagouras1, W H Wilson Tang2

  • 1Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, , EC-10 Cleveland Clinic, 9501 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America
|November 24, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac involvement is a common complication of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs), often leading to heart failure. Management requires disease-specific strategies, with further research needed to identify new therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Cardiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) can affect multiple organ systems.
  • Cardiac involvement is a frequent yet underrecognized complication of SARDs.
  • Myocardial damage contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality in SARDs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of myocardial involvement in SARDs.
  • To identify SARDs with the highest risk of cardiac damage.
  • To discuss current management strategies and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on SARDs and cardiac involvement.
  • Analysis of mechanisms including macrovascular disease, microvascular dysfunction, and myocarditis.
  • Identification of specific SARDs associated with increased myocardial risk.

Main Results:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and sarcoidosis pose the greatest risk.
  • Myocardial involvement can manifest as heart failure due to various pathological pathways.
  • Treatment of myocardial involvement should be tailored to the specific SARD.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac sequelae are a significant concern in SARDs management.
  • Understanding the specific mechanisms is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Further investigation into targetable pathways for myocardial involvement in SARDs is warranted.

Keywords:
CardiomyopathyCoronary microvascular dysfunctionMyocarditisSystemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases

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