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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Lymphatic System01:15

Development of the Lymphatic System

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The development of lymphatic tissues and vessels in embryonic life begins around the fifth week. These structures originate from the mesoderm layer, with lymph sacs emerging from developing veins.
The first lymph sacs to form are the paired jugular lymph sacs located at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. From these sacs, lymphatic capillary plexuses extend to the thorax, upper limbs, neck, and head, eventually forming lymphatic vessels. Each jugular lymph sac maintains a...
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Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport01:16

Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport

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Lymphatic vessels, known as lymphatics, are crucial in transporting lymph from peripheral tissues to our venous system. This process begins with lymph entering through tiny capillaries that branch through tissues. These capillaries have unique features such as larger diameters, thinner walls, and a distinctive one-way valve system formed by overlapping endothelial cells.
This one-way system allows fluids, solutes, and even pathogens to enter but prevents their return to the intercellular...
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Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System01:22

Introduction to Lymphatic and Immune System

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Immunity is a crucial biological concept about our body's inherent capacity to prevent infections and diseases. A complex network of cells and tissues collectively known as the immune system facilitates this natural defense mechanism. The immune system plays an integral role in maintaining our health and well-being, shielding us from potential health threats.
The immune responses can be categorized into two types: innate and adaptive. Innate immunity comprises nonspecific defenses we are...
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Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System01:28

Functions of the Lymphatic and Immune System

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The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in bolstering our immune system. It consists of a network of lymphoid organs, lymph, and lymphatic vessels that provide structural and functional support in safeguarding the body against pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.
The primary lymphoid organs, including the bone marrow and the thymus, serve as the maturation sites for lymphocytes. Secondary lymphoid organs, like the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, activate these lymphocytes and serve as...
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
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Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
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Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Three-Dimensional Imaging of the Vertebral Lymphatic Vasculature and Drainage using iDISCO+ and Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy
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Progress on Brain and Ocular Lymphatic System.

Yang Xu1,2, Lu Cheng3,4,5, Lu Yuan1,2

  • 1Eye School of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, China.

Biomed Research International
|November 25, 2022
PubMed
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Recent discoveries reveal the brain

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • The brain's traditional understanding has been challenged by the discovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLV) and the glymphatic system.
  • These systems are crucial for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation and metabolite clearance, impacting central nervous system (CNS) diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research on the structure and function of MLV and the glymphatic system.
  • To explore the role of the ocular lymphatic system in optic nerve and retinal health and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on MLV, glymphatic system, and ocular lymphatic system.
  • Discussion of biomarkers for lymphatic vessel identification and ocular lymphatic system composition.

Main Results:

  • Meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLV) and the glymphatic system are vital for brain fluid dynamics and waste removal.
  • Emerging evidence suggests an ocular lymphatic system significantly impacts optic nerve and retinal disorders.

Conclusions:

  • The brain's lymphatic system, including MLV and glymphatic pathways, is critical for CNS homeostasis.
  • Further research into the ocular lymphatic system is warranted to understand its role in eye diseases and develop potential therapeutic strategies.