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Related Concept Videos

Inducible Operons: lac Operon01:25

Inducible Operons: lac Operon

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The lac operon in Escherichia coli is a model for understanding inducible gene regulation and metabolic flexibility. It integrates local control by lactose and global regulation through catabolite repression, enabling E. coli to preferentially metabolize glucose when available and switch to lactose utilization when glucose is scarce.Structure and Function of the lac OperonThe lac operon contains three structural genes: lacZ (β-galactosidase), lacY (lactose permease), and lacA...
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Prokaryotes can control gene expression through operons—DNA sequences consisting of regulatory elements and clustered, functionally related protein-coding genes. Operons use a single promoter sequence to initiate transcription of a gene cluster (i.e., a group of structural genes) into a single mRNA molecule. The terminator sequence ends transcription. An operator sequence, located between the promoter and structural genes, prohibits the operon’s transcriptional activity if bound by...
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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
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The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in bolstering our immune system. It consists of a network of lymphoid organs, lymph, and lymphatic vessels that provide structural and functional support in safeguarding the body against pathogens such as viruses and bacteria.
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Related Experiment Video

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A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes
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Immunomodulatory action of Lactococcuslactis.

Lejaniya Abdul Kalam Saleena1, Michelle Yee Mun Teo2, Yu Hsuan How1

  • 1Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
|November 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Lactococcus lactis, a key probiotic in fermented foods, enhances immune responses and infection clearance. This review explores its immunomodulatory effects and biotechnological potential in functional foods.

Keywords:
FermentationFunctional foodImmunomodulationLactococcus lactis

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology and Food Science
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Fermented foods are increasingly recognized for health benefits, containing nutrients, bioactive compounds, and probiotics.
  • Lactococcus lactis is crucial in food fermentation, especially dairy, and possesses significant biological activities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the immunomodulatory effects of various Lactococcus lactis strains.
  • To highlight the role of L. lactis in functional foods and its biotechnological applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on Lactococcus lactis.
  • Analysis of research on its impact on host immunity and health outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Lactococcus lactis demonstrates anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory capabilities.
  • Administration of L. lactis improved growth performance, modulated amino acid profiles, and enhanced intestinal immunology and microbiota.
  • L. lactis administration was associated with increased infection clearance rates due to upregulated immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • Lactococcus lactis exhibits significant immunomodulatory effects, contributing to health benefits in functional foods.
  • Its unique properties make it a valuable probiotic and a potential candidate for biotechnological applications and as a delivery vehicle.