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Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Predictive Immune Modeling of Solid Tumors
Published on: February 25, 2020
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes against solid tumors: current trends & perspectives
Ze Min Liew1, Yu Shyan Low1, Khang Chiang Oh1
1Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Abstract:
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are recognized as a key component of anticancer immunity and serve as an important prognostic factor in cancer progression. In this review, the latest updates and perspectives on the diverse populations of TILs and their roles in cancer immunity are discussed. The presence and balance between anti-tumorigenic and pro-tumorigenic immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) largely determine tumor progression and fate. Thus, the properties of TILs were reviewed to provide a better insight into the roles of these immune cells within the TME. Additionally, the different factors influencing immune cell infiltration in solid tumors are also described to suggest novel immunotherapeutic approaches for improved TIL infiltration. These recent approaches are then summarised as recommendations to improve infiltration and potentially achieve better clinical outcomes. Overall, this review highlights the critical role of TILs, factors governing immune cell homing and infiltration, and strategic approaches to improve TIL infiltration.
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