Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Correction: Examining the effects of cigarette smoke on mouse lens through a multi OMIC approach.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Diabetes Equipment Accessibility Standards 2 Decades Late.

JAMA ophthalmology·2026
Same author

A critical role for mitochondrial dynamics in cigarette smoke condensate-induced RPE senescence.

Free radical biology & medicine·2026
Same author

Case Report: Bilateral optic nerve head masses and retinopathy in a patient with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia receiving CAR T-cell therapy masquerading as fungal endophthalmitis.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

From oxygen to impact: Thank you, Einar Stefánsson.

Acta ophthalmologica·2026
Same author

Isolation and Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles from Mouse Retina Tissue.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Digestion of Whole Mouse Eyes for Multi-Parameter Flow Cytometric Analysis of Mononuclear Phagocytes
09:58

Digestion of Whole Mouse Eyes for Multi-Parameter Flow Cytometric Analysis of Mononuclear Phagocytes

Published on: June 17, 2020

5.1K

Microglia-Neutrophil Interactions Drive Dry AMD-like Pathology in a Mouse Model.

Maeve Boyce1,2, Ying Xin3, Olivia Chowdhury1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.

Cells
|November 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Inflammation drives dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Activated microglia interact with neutrophils, causing retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cell damage. Inhibiting Akt2 in microglia may offer a new therapeutic target for early AMD.

Keywords:
Akt2CD14LR-loopage-related macular degenerationchronic inflammationintegrin α4integrin β1microglianeutrophilsretinal pigmented epithelial cells

More Related Videos

In Vivo Dynamics of Retinal Microglial Activation During Neurodegeneration: Confocal Ophthalmoscopic Imaging and Cell Morphometry in Mouse Glaucoma
12:48

In Vivo Dynamics of Retinal Microglial Activation During Neurodegeneration: Confocal Ophthalmoscopic Imaging and Cell Morphometry in Mouse Glaucoma

Published on: May 11, 2015

10.7K
An Ex Vivo Explant Model for Studying Glial Interactions in the Mouse Retina
09:46

An Ex Vivo Explant Model for Studying Glial Interactions in the Mouse Retina

Published on: July 15, 2025

485

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Digestion of Whole Mouse Eyes for Multi-Parameter Flow Cytometric Analysis of Mononuclear Phagocytes
09:58

Digestion of Whole Mouse Eyes for Multi-Parameter Flow Cytometric Analysis of Mononuclear Phagocytes

Published on: June 17, 2020

5.1K
In Vivo Dynamics of Retinal Microglial Activation During Neurodegeneration: Confocal Ophthalmoscopic Imaging and Cell Morphometry in Mouse Glaucoma
12:48

In Vivo Dynamics of Retinal Microglial Activation During Neurodegeneration: Confocal Ophthalmoscopic Imaging and Cell Morphometry in Mouse Glaucoma

Published on: May 11, 2015

10.7K
An Ex Vivo Explant Model for Studying Glial Interactions in the Mouse Retina
09:46

An Ex Vivo Explant Model for Studying Glial Interactions in the Mouse Retina

Published on: July 15, 2025

485

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) involves inflammation and immune cell infiltration.
  • Microglia and neutrophils are key innate immune cells implicated in AMD pathogenesis.
  • The specific interactions between microglia and neutrophils in AMD remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the dynamic interactions between microglia and neutrophils in AMD.
  • To identify novel therapeutic targets for early-stage dry AMD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genetically engineered mouse models of AMD.
  • Performed ligand-receptor (LR)-loop analysis and cell culture studies.
  • Investigated the role of the Akt2 pathway in microglia.

Main Results:

  • Retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells induce pro-inflammatory (M1) microglia transition.
  • Activated microglia promote neutrophil activation and RPE alterations in the sub-retinal space (SRS).
  • Microglia-induced neutrophil activation and RPE damage were reduced by inhibiting Akt2 in microglia.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic interactions between M1 microglia and neutrophils contribute significantly to early RPE degeneration in AMD.
  • The Akt2 pathway in microglia is a critical mediator of this interaction and a potential therapeutic target for early AMD.