Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 20, 2025
09:34
Preparation of Plasma Membrane Vesicles from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Potential Cytoplasm Replacement Therapy
Published on: May 18, 2017
7.7K
Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) Counteract Inflammaging
Cansu Gorgun1, Chiara Africano2, Maria Chiara Ciferri1
1Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Cells
|November 26, 2022
Summary
Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) combat aging-related inflammation. These EVs reduce pro-inflammatory factors and improve mitochondrial function in aged macrophages, offering potential anti-aging therapies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Gerontology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Aging is linked to chronic immune system stimulation, termed 'inflammaging'.
- Macrophage dysregulation is central to inflammaging.
- Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess immunoregulatory properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of MSC-derived EVs on aged macrophages.
- To determine if preconditioned MSC-EVs can mitigate inflammaging-associated cellular dysfunction.
Main Methods:
- Isolated macrophages from young and aged mice.
- Treated aged macrophages with EVs derived from MSCs preconditioned with hypoxia and inflammatory cytokines.
- Assessed inflammatory markers (TNF-α, iNOS, CD38) and mitochondrial function (complex I activity, ATP synthesis, oxygen consumption).
Main Results:
- Aged macrophages exhibited elevated pro-inflammatory markers, exacerbated by IFN-γ stimulation.
- MSC-derived EVs significantly reduced age-associated inflammation in macrophages.
- EVs counteracted mitochondrial dysfunction, improving complex I activity, oxygen consumption, and ATP synthesis, while reducing lipid peroxidation.
Conclusions:
- Preconditioned MSC-derived EVs demonstrate potent anti-inflammatory and mitochondria-protective effects in aged macrophages.
- These findings suggest MSC-EVs as a promising therapeutic strategy for inflammaging and age-related diseases.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Mesenchymal Stem Cells
4.9K
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
4.9K
01:19Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells
2.7K
Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
2.7K
01:23Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells
1.8K
After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
However, failure of such a system...
1.8K
01:26Stem Cell Niche
5.2K
The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
5.2K