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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 20, 2025

Measuring Light-Switching Behavior Using an Occupancy and Light Data Logger
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Why Good Employees Do Bad Things: The Link between Pro-Environmental Behavior and Workplace Deviance.

Zhenglin Zhang1, Haiqing Shi2, Taiwen Feng3

  • 1School of Management, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an 710043, China.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|November 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Employees' pro-environmental behavior (PEB) can paradoxically lead to workplace deviance. Public-sphere PEB increases entitlement, while private-sphere PEB decreases it, impacting deviant behavior. Rationalization exacerbates this effect.

Keywords:
private-sphere pro-environmental behaviorpsychological entitlementpublic-sphere pro-environmental behaviorrationalization of workplace devianceworkplace deviance

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Area of Science:

  • Organizational Behavior
  • Environmental Psychology
  • Business Ethics

Background:

  • Pro-environmental behavior (PEB) is crucial in workplaces, yet its potential negative consequences are understudied.
  • Existing research often overlooks the link between PEB and adverse work outcomes.
  • Moral licensing and cognitive dissonance theories provide frameworks for understanding these complex relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence mechanism of employees' PEB on workplace deviance.
  • To examine the mediating role of psychological entitlement in the PEB-workplace deviance link.
  • To explore the moderating effect of rationalizing workplace deviance.

Main Methods:

  • A conceptual model was developed based on moral licensing and cognitive dissonance theories.
  • Two-stage survey data were collected from 216 employees in China.
  • Hierarchical regression analysis and structural equation modeling were employed for hypothesis testing.

Main Results:

  • Public-sphere PEB positively correlated with psychological entitlement.
  • Private-sphere PEB negatively correlated with psychological entitlement.
  • Psychological entitlement positively predicted workplace deviance, moderated by rationalization.

Conclusions:

  • This study illuminates the "dark side" of PEB, demonstrating its potential to foster workplace deviance.
  • Managerial strategies are needed to mitigate negative outcomes stemming from PEB.
  • Understanding the nuances of PEB is essential for promoting both environmental sustainability and ethical workplace conduct.