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In Vitro and In Vivo Response of Zinc-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses in a Sheep Animal Model
Javier Jiménez-Holguín1, Daniel Arcos1,2, Daniel Lozano1,2
1Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 26, 2022
Summary
Zinc-enriched bioactive glasses show promise for bone regeneration, but zinc ion release hinders mineralization and in vivo bone integration. Further research is needed for effective bone tissue engineering materials.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Materials Chemistry
- Bioceramics
Background:
- Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) are investigated for bone regeneration.
- Zinc-enriched MBGs (ZnO MBGs) offer potential antibacterial and osteogenic properties.
- Limited in vivo studies exist for ZnO MBGs.
Purpose of the Study:
- Synthesize and characterize ZnO MBGs.
- Evaluate the in vitro and in vivo osteogenic activity of ZnO MBGs.
- Investigate the effect of zinc ions on mineralization and bone integration.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of MBGs with varying ZnO content (up to 5%).
- Physicochemical characterization of synthesized materials.
- In vitro cell viability, differentiation, and angiogenesis assays.
- In vivo sheep bone defect model implantation.
Main Results:
- ZnO MBGs exhibited favorable textural properties.
- Zn2+ ion release inhibited in vitro mineralization in simulated body fluid.
- In vitro studies showed dose-dependent increases in cell viability, differentiation, and angiogenesis.
- ZnO MBGs failed to integrate into bone tissue in vivo.
- Inhibition of mineralization by Zn2+ ions explained the lack of in vivo integration.
Conclusions:
- While ZnO MBGs demonstrate positive in vitro cellular responses, their in vivo efficacy for bone regeneration is limited by impaired mineralization.
- The inhibitory effect of Zn2+ ions on mineralization is a critical factor for bone tissue engineering.
- Future nanostructured materials for bone regeneration must facilitate mineralization for successful bone integration and tissue repair.
