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NB-LRR Lineage-Specific Equipment Is Sorted Out by Sequence Pattern Adaptation and Domain Segment Shuffling.

Giuseppe Andolfo1, Antimo Di Donato1, Maria Raffaella Ercolano1

  • 1Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Università 100, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Plant resistance (R)-genes, or nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) genes, activate immune responses. This study reveals how NB-LRR domain evolution drives plant-specific adaptations and immune diversity.

Keywords:
R-genecomparative analysisimmunity systemmotif architectureplant genomeprotein domain

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Genomics
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • Nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) genes, known as resistance (R)-genes, are crucial for plant immunity.
  • NB-LRR gene families diversify through mechanisms like duplication and domain fusion, leading to varied functionalities.
  • Understanding the evolutionary pathways of R-protein structure is essential for comprehending plant defense mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrace the plant-lineage-specific evolution of R-protein structure using multi-genome comparative analysis.
  • To identify homology relationships and characterize NB-LRR gene groups across species.
  • To investigate the arsenal profile and adaptation signatures of NB-LRR genes in diverse botanical families.

Main Methods:

  • Performed a multi-genome comparative analysis of NB-LRR genes.
  • Defined gene groups based on homology relationships across different plant species.
  • Analyzed NB domains of well-characterized R-genes to understand diversification from core motifs.

Main Results:

  • Identified conserved homology groups of NB-LRR genes, with well-characterized R-proteins in the most populated groups.
  • Investigated NB-LRR gene repertoires in five botanical families, highlighting species-specific adaptation signatures.
  • Dissected 70 NB domains, revealing core motifs and the diversification of three main R-protein classes.

Conclusions:

  • Structural remodeling of NB-LRR domains significantly shapes species-specific repertoires.
  • The study provides evolutionary and functional insights into NB-LRR domain shuffling.
  • Findings enhance understanding of molecular adaptive selection mechanisms at plant R-loci.