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Do the Right Thing: A Privacy Policy Adherence Analysis of over Two Million Apps in Apple iOS App Store
Hamad Alamri1, Carsten Maple1, Saad Mohamad2
1Warwick Manufacturing Group, The University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 26, 2022
Summary
Most iOS apps lack valid privacy policy links, with over 60% of provided links failing to direct users to actual policies, hindering regulatory compliance and user awareness.
Area of Science:
- * Mobile app security and privacy
- * Software engineering and app store ecosystems
Background:
- * Regulatory frameworks mandate clear privacy policies for mobile applications.
- * Prior research indicates inconsistent privacy policy provision and validity, particularly in the iOS App Store.
- * A significant gap exists in understanding the scope of privacy policy accessibility in the iOS ecosystem.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To conduct the first and largest study on privacy policy links in the iOS App Store.
- * To analyze the distribution and validity of privacy policy links for millions of apps.
- * To create the largest corpus of verified app privacy policies for research.
Main Methods:
- * Developed the App Privacy Policy Extractor (APPE) system.
- * Analyzed metadata from over two million iOS apps.
- * Investigated the content and validity of provided privacy policy links.
- * Compiled the App Privacy Policy Corpus (APPC-451K) with over 451,000 verified policies.
Main Results:
- * Only 58.5% of iOS apps provide links to privacy policies.
- * 39.3% of apps offer no privacy policy links.
- * A mere 38.4% of provided links lead to valid privacy policies; 61.6% fail.
- * Created APPC-451K, the largest dataset of verified app privacy policies.
Conclusions:
- * A substantial portion of iOS apps fail to comply with privacy policy regulations.
- * The accessibility and validity of privacy policies in the iOS App Store are critically low.
- * The APPC-451K corpus offers a valuable resource for future privacy research.
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