Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...

Seizures: Classification

Seizures: Classification

Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Validation of an ICD-10 Code for Diplopia in the Emergency Department: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques·2026

Same author

Patient reported outcomes in NMOSD reflect a high disease burden and do not correlate with the EDSS.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders·2026

Same author

Association between statin use and survival in patients with ALS: A propensity score-matched analysis.

Journal of the neurological sciences·2026

Same author

Opioid overdose decedents and palliative care: a population-level descriptive study.

BMJ supportive & palliative care·2026

Same author

Feasibility of Emotional Awareness and Expression Therapy Adapted for Headache Disorders at a Tertiary Headache Clinic.

The Canadian journal of neurological sciences. Le journal canadien des sciences neurologiques·2026

Same author

Exploring the Effects of Timing on Resident Experiences With EPA-Based Feedback and Assessment.

Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2025

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy

Published on: November 13, 2016

Association between multiple sclerosis and epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Stephanie Kuntz¹, Annie Siyu Wu², Emilie Matheson³

¹Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

|November 26, 2022

Summary

People with multiple sclerosis (MS) have a significantly higher risk of developing epilepsy. This systematic review confirms MS as an independent risk factor for both new and existing epilepsy cases.

Keywords:

Epilepsy Incidence Meta-analyses Multiple sclerosis Prevalence

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

Published on: September 20, 2024

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Pathway Linking Obesity to Autoimmune Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Pathway Linking Obesity to Autoimmune Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: February 23, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 19, 2025

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy

Published on: November 13, 2016

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

Author Spotlight: Advancing Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery in Children Through Novel Biomarkers and Enhanced Localization

Published on: September 20, 2024

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Pathway Linking Obesity to Autoimmune Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Pathway Linking Obesity to Autoimmune Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: February 23, 2024

Area of Science:

Neurology
Epidemiology
Neuroimmunology

Background:

Epilepsy risk in adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) is not well-defined.
Understanding this association is crucial for patient care and management.

Approach:

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted.
Searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for observational studies up to July 2022.
Included 17 studies with 192,850 adults with and without MS.

Key Points:

Adults with MS had a 2.04 times higher prevalence of epilepsy.
Adults with MS had a 3.34 times higher incidence of epilepsy.
Moderate study quality noted; MS type and seizure types were often unspecified.

Conclusions:

Multiple sclerosis is an independent risk factor for epilepsy.
Further longitudinal studies are needed to identify specific patient and disease characteristics.
Grey matter involvement may influence epilepsy risk in MS.