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Do individual differences in lexical reliance reflect states or traits?
Nikole Giovannone1, Rachel M Theodore1
1Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Connecticut, 2 Alethia Drive, Unit 1085, Storrs, CT 06269-1085, USA; Connecticut Institute for the Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, 337 Mansfield Road, Unit 1272, Storrs, CT 06269-1272, USA.
Cognition
|November 28, 2022
Summary
Individual differences in speech perception rely on stable listener traits, not context. Lexical reliance in speech perception is a stable trait linked to how listeners weigh acoustic and lexical information.
Area of Science:
- Psycholinguistics
- Auditory Neuroscience
- Cognitive Psychology
Background:
- Individual listeners exhibit variability in their reliance on lexical information during speech perception.
- The underlying reasons for these differences, whether stable traits or situational states, remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if individual differences in lexical reliance represent a stable trait.
- To determine if this trait is associated with the weighting of lexical versus acoustic-phonetic information in speech perception.
Main Methods:
- Seventy-three listeners participated in two sessions, completing the Ganong task, phonemic restoration task, and locally time-reversed speech task.
- These tasks are established measures for assessing lexical influence on speech perception.
- Individual differences in lexical reliance were assessed for stability across sessions.
Main Results:
- Significant lexical effects were observed across all tasks.
- Individual differences in lexical reliance remained consistent between the two sessions.
- However, correlations among the three tasks were weak.
- Greater reliance on lexical information correlated with reduced reliance on acoustic-phonetic information in specific tasks.
Conclusions:
- Individual differences in lexical reliance appear to be a stable trait, reflecting consistent weighting of acoustic-phonetic and lexical cues.
- Further research is needed to understand the psychometric properties of psycholinguistic tasks to better model individual differences in speech perception.
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