Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 19, 2025

A Simple and Inexpensive Method for Determining Cold Sensitivity and Adaptation in Mice
Published on: March 17, 2015
A two-dimensional disposable full-history time-temperature indicator for cold chain logistics.
Wen Shou1, Yueliang Wang2, Yuanyuan Yao2
1Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China.
New full-history time-temperature indicators (FHTTI) use multicolor plasmonic hydrogels to track temperature and time. This innovation ensures accurate cold chain monitoring for sensitive products like vaccines and foods.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Accurate temperature monitoring is vital for the safety and efficacy of temperature-sensitive products during distribution.
- Traditional digital thermometers are costly and prone to data tampering, while existing low-cost indicators lack full time-temperature history.
- Current methods fail to provide comprehensive data on product exposure to varying temperatures throughout the supply chain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel full-history time-temperature indicator (FHTTI) capable of providing accurate and complete temperature and time data.
- To overcome the limitations of traditional time-temperature indicators (TTIs) in cold chain logistics.
- To enable individual product monitoring within the cold chain.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of multicolor plasmonic hydrogels capable of in-situ gold nanoparticle formation.
- Development of a two-dimensional indicator utilizing color and length to independently represent temperature and time.
- Testing the FHTTI's performance under complex variable-temperature conditions for extended durations.
Main Results:
- The developed FHTTI successfully integrates color and length as non-interfering parameters for indicating temperature and time.
- The indicator demonstrated accurate monitoring of time-temperature changes for over 30 days under dynamic temperature fluctuations.
- The FHTTI provides a complete and reliable record of the time-temperature history for individual products.
Conclusions:
- The novel FHTTI based on plasmonic hydrogels offers a significant advancement over traditional TTIs.
- This technology provides accurate, tamper-proof, and comprehensive time-temperature monitoring for cold chain logistics.
- The FHTTI holds great potential for ensuring the quality and safety of sensitive products throughout distribution.
Related Concept Videos
Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
Assessing Body Temperature - Oral
Step 1:
Start by practicing proper hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
Gently slide the probe cover until a click is heard. This simple action prevents cross-contamination and ensures the correct placement of the probe cover.
Step 4:
Instruct the patient to open their mouth and place...
Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
Temperature Measurement Sites
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
Thermometers and Temperature Scales
As many physical properties depend on temperature, the variety of thermometers is...
Assessing Body Temperature - Rectal
Follow these steps for rectal temperature assessment:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don clean gloves to prevent cross-infection.
Step 2: Position the patient in a side-lying position to better visualize the rectal...

