Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

816
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
816
Factors Affecting Perception01:25

Factors Affecting Perception

1.7K
Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
1.7K
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

489
Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
489
Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

383
Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
383
Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

648
Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
648
Perception01:28

Perception

531
Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
531

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Predicting anaerobic power status of taekwondo athletes from anthropometric and biomechanical features: a multi-branch attention deep network with SHAP and LIME interpretability.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Changes in Functional Brain Activity in School-Age Children 10 Years Later: A Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Psychiatry investigation·2026
Same author

Failing Others' Expectations: Negative Emotions and Behavior Change in Daily Life.

Affective science·2026
Same author

Context-dependent roles of lncRNA JPX in human cancers.

Discover oncology·2026
Same author

Tactile object individuation on a fingertip is associated with neural representations in the bilateral inferior parietal lobule.

NeuroImage·2026
Same author

Staged Audiovisual Speech Integration and Altered Early-Stage Audiovisual Processing in Autistic Children: An EEG Investigation.

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Controlled Rotation of Human Observers in a Virtual Reality Environment
09:11

Controlled Rotation of Human Observers in a Virtual Reality Environment

Published on: April 21, 2022

2.6K

Self-reference modulates the perception of visual apparent motion.

Jianrui Huang1, Lihan Chen1,2, Xiaolin Zhou3,4,5

  • 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|November 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Self-reference influences visual perception, making self-associated shapes appear to move as a group in the Ternus display. This effect highlights how high-level cognitive processing impacts basic visual motion perception.

Keywords:
Apparent motionSelf-referenceTernus display

More Related Videos

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

25.9K
Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
08:06

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory

Published on: August 15, 2010

14.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 19, 2025

Controlled Rotation of Human Observers in a Virtual Reality Environment
09:11

Controlled Rotation of Human Observers in a Virtual Reality Environment

Published on: April 21, 2022

2.6K
Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

25.9K
Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory
08:06

Eye Movement Monitoring of Memory

Published on: August 15, 2010

14.8K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Visual apparent motion is a perceptual illusion where static stimuli are perceived as moving.
  • The Ternus display can be perceived as either Element Motion (EM) or Group Motion (GM) based on stimulus timing.
  • Self-reference is a high-level cognitive process that typically enhances information processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if task-irrelevant self-reference modulates the perceptual categorization of apparent motion in the Ternus display.
  • To determine how associating shapes with 'Self', 'Friend', or 'Stranger' affects Ternus display perception.
  • To explore the mechanism by which self-referential processing influences visual motion perception.

Main Methods:

  • Participants viewed a Ternus display with varying inter-stimulus intervals (ISI).
  • Shapes were associated with labels: 'Self', 'Friend', or 'Stranger'.
  • Perceptual categorization of the Ternus display (EM vs. GM) was assessed before and after shape-label association.

Main Results:

  • After association, participants were more likely to perceive the Ternus display of self-associated shapes as Group Motion (GM).
  • This enhanced GM perception for self-associated shapes was not observed for shapes associated with 'Friend' or 'Stranger'.
  • The effect suggests self-referential processing biases Ternus display perception towards GM.

Conclusions:

  • Self-referential processing can significantly modulate basic visual perception, even when task-irrelevant.
  • The 'Self' concept acts to spatially integrate stimuli, promoting a Group Motion percept.
  • This finding demonstrates a top-down influence of high-level cognition on low-level visual processing.