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Righteous Adam, Sinister Eve.

Sergio Della Sala1, Robert D McIntosh1

  • 1Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

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|November 30, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Artistic depictions of Adam and Eve show Eve is consistently placed to Adam's left, reflecting historical gender inequality. However, modern viewers do not show this spatial bias, suggesting a shift in perception.

Keywords:
Adam and eveimagespseudoneglectside of charactersspatial asymmetry

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Area of Science:

  • Art History
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Laterality in imagery often assigns virtue to the right and sin to the left.
  • This convention has historically reinforced gender stereotypes and inequalities in depictions of men and women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if prototypical representations of Adam and Eve exhibit a non-random spatial arrangement.
  • To determine if this arrangement reflects historical gender-based societal perceptions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of three distinct image series (totaling 341 images) depicting the Garden of Eden from the 12th century to the present.
  • Statistical testing to assess the significance of Eve's placement relative to Adam.

Main Results:

  • Eve is depicted to Adam's left significantly more often than by chance (70-83%), particularly in artworks predating 1600.
  • Experimental evidence indicates modern viewers have not internalized this spatial asymmetry.

Conclusions:

  • The consistent leftward placement of Eve reflects historical perceptions of female subordination.
  • Cognitive science explains such spatial biases through observer's visual field preferences, but this specific bias is not universally held today.