Mechanical Unloading of Engineered Human Meniscus Models Under Simulated Microgravity: A Transcriptomic Study

Osteoarthritis (OA) primarily affects mechanical load-bearing joints, with the knee being the most common. The prevalence, burden and severity of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) are disproportionately higher in females, but hormonal differences alone do not explain the disproportionate incidence of KOA in females. Mechanical unloading by spaceflight microgravity has been implicated in OA development in cartilaginous tissues. However, the mechanisms and sex-dependent differences in OA-like development are not well explored. In this study, engineered meniscus constructs were generated from healthy human meniscus fibrochondrocytes (MFC) seeded onto type I collagen scaffolds and cultured under normal gravity and simulated microgravity conditions. We report the whole-genome sequences of constructs from 4 female and 4 male donors, along with the evaluation of their phenotypic characteristics. The collected data could be used as valuable resources to further explore the mechanism of KOA development in response to mechanical unloading, and to investigate the molecular basis of the observed sex differences in KOA.