Investigation of Toll-like Receptor-2, -3 and -4 Gene Expressions in Larynx Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Çağlar Eker1, Hakkı Caner İnan1, Asuman Çelebi2
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
Objective:
Despite all the recent advancements, larynx cancer has shown no improvement in survival rates. The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, -3, and -4 genes, and determine any relationships with the histopathologic characteristics of the disease.
Methods:
This retrospective study included 50 subjects who underwent total or partial laryngectomy with an open surgical method for larynx squamous cell carcinoma. Measurements of TLRs-2, -3, and -4 expression values were taken with quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction in normal tissue and tumor tissue samples of the patients.
Results:
Evaluations were made of TLR-2, -3, and -4 mRNA expressions according to 2-ΔΔCT calculations in 50 subjects with larynx cancer. When the tumor tissue was compared with the healthy tissue from the same subjects, reductions were determined in TLR expression in 86%, 84%, and 82%, respectively. This reduction in each gene expression was statistically significant (p<0.001). No statistically significant correlation was determined between the change in TLR-2, -3, and -4 expression and the histopathologic characteristics of the disease.
Conclusion:
The data obtained in this study demonstrated that TLR-2, -3, and -4 expressions were reduced in larynx squamous cell cancer. The results of further studies targeting these genes would be useful in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Insights
Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, -3, and -4 gene expressions are significantly reduced in larynx squamous cell carcinoma. This finding may offer new avenues for disease diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Larynx cancer survival rates have not improved despite recent advancements.
- Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in immune responses.
- Understanding TLR expression in cancer is vital for therapeutic development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the gene expression levels of toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, -3, and -4 in larynx cancer.
- To determine the relationship between TLR gene expression and histopathologic characteristics of larynx squamous cell carcinoma.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 50 patients with larynx squamous cell carcinoma.
- Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) used to measure TLR-2, -3, and -4 mRNA expression.
- Comparison of TLR expression in tumor tissue versus adjacent normal tissue.
Main Results:
- Significant reductions in TLR-2, -3, and -4 mRNA expression were observed in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues (86%, 84%, and 82% reduction, respectively).
- These reductions were statistically significant (p<0.001).
- No significant correlation was found between altered TLR expression and histopathologic features of the cancer.
Conclusions:
- TLR-2, -3, and -4 expressions are downregulated in larynx squamous cell carcinoma.
- These findings suggest that TLRs could be potential diagnostic or therapeutic targets.
- Further research into the role of these TLRs in larynx cancer is warranted.
