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Published on: February 22, 2020
Neurological and Functional Outcomes after Pediatric Stroke
Laura A Malone1, Todd J Levy2, Rachel K Peterson3
1Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Insights
Pediatric stroke significantly impacts children long-term. This review examines neurological outcomes using the ICF-CY framework, considering stroke type and injury factors for better prognostication.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pediatrics
- Rehabilitation
Background:
- Pediatric stroke leads to lifelong disability, with outcomes influenced by injury factors.
- Understanding neurological deficits is crucial for effective intervention in childhood stroke.
Approach:
- This review synthesizes current knowledge on pediatric stroke outcomes.
- It focuses on the World Health Organization's International Classification for Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF-CY) framework.
- Outcomes are analyzed across motor, cognitive, and language domains for various stroke types.
Key Points:
- Outcomes vary based on stroke mechanism (arterial ischemic, cerebral sinus venous thrombosis, hemorrhagic), age, size, and location.
- The ICF-CY framework provides a standardized approach to assessing childhood disability.
- Prognostication can be refined by considering specific patient and injury characteristics.
Conclusions:
- A comprehensive understanding of pediatric stroke outcomes is essential for improving patient care.
- The ICF-CY framework offers a valuable tool for evaluating functional status and disability in children with stroke.
- Further research into prognostic factors can enhance individualized treatment strategies for pediatric stroke survivors.
Abstract:
Pediatric stroke results in life-long morbidity for many patients, but the outcomes can vary depending on factors such as age of injury, or mechanism, size, and location of stroke. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of outcomes in different neurological domains (eg, motor, cognitive, language) for children with stroke of different mechanisms (ie, arterial ischemic stroke, cerebral sinus venous thrombosis, and hemorrhagic stroke), but with a focus on World Health Organization International Classification for Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF-CY) framework for measuring health and disability for children and youth. We describe outcomes for the population as a whole and certain factors that may further refine prognostication.
